A dysfunctional family is a family in which conflict, misbehavior and even abuse on the part of individual members of the family occur continually, leading other members to accommodate such actions. Children sometimes grow up in such families with the understanding that such an arrangement is normal. Dysfunctional families are most often a result of the alcoholism, substance abuse, or other addictions of parents, parents' untreated mental illnesses/defects or personality disorders, or the parents emulating their own dysfunctional parents and dysfunctional family experiences. Violence and verbal abuse are typical outcomes. Choosing one or more of an appropriate twelve-step program has been found to be of great help to all the family involved.
Dysfunctional family members have common symptoms and behavior patterns as a result of their common experiences within the family structure. This tends to reinforce the dysfunctional behavior, either through enabling or perpetuation. The family unit can be affected by a variety of factors.
The table below shows the symptoms of family dysfunction according to three sources (two taken from the same expert). Symptoms that are roughly equivalent are shown in the same row:
Contents |
| Steven Farmer - symptoms of family dysfunction | Dr. Dan Neuharth - 8 signs of unhealthy parenting | Dr. Dan Neuharth - 8 parenting styles which cause family dysfunction |
|---|---|---|
| Inconsistency and Unpredictability | "Dogmatic or chaotic parenting" (harsh and inflexible discipline) | Chaotic (unstable parents who behave in a wildly inconsistent manner with their children) |
| Role reversals ("parentifying" children) | Childlike (parents who "parentify" their children. They tend to be needy and incompetent. Usually allow the other parent to abuse children.) | |
| Conditional love | Depriving (parents who control by withholding love, money, praise, attention, or anything else their child needs or wants.) | |
| "Closed family system" (a socially isolated family that discourages relationships with outsiders) | Social dysfunction or isolation | |
| Stifled speech (children not allowed to dissent or question authority) | Cultlike (parents who feel uncertain and "raise their children according to rigid rules and roles".) | |
| "Denial of an Inner Life" (children are not allowed to develop their own value system) | Smothering (parents do not allow their children to maintain a separate identity) | |
Steven Farmer also lists these symptoms:
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Neuharth also includes these signs of unhealthy parenting:
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Neuharth also includes these dysfunctional parenting styles:
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Steven Farmer is the author of Adult Children of Abusive Parents, [1].
Dr. Dan Neuharth is the author of If You Had Controlling Parents and uses the terms "controlling parents", "unhealthy control" and "over control" throughout his book. [2]
Children growing up in a dysfunctional family have been known to adopt one or more of six basic roles:[citation needed]
They may also:
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