Hematologic disease

All you want to know about Hematologic disease

Hematologic disease Classification and external resources
MeSH	D006402

Hematologic diseases are disorders which primarily affect the blood.

Classification of hematologic diseases

Hemoglobinopathies (congenital abnormality of the hemoglobin molecule or of the rate of hemoglobin synthesis)
Anemias (lack of red blood cells or hemoglobin)
- Iron deficiency anemia
- Megaloblastic anemia
  - Vitamin B₁₂ deficiency
    - Pernicious anemia
  - Folate deficiency
- Hemolytic anemias (destruction of red blood cells)
  - Genetic disorders of RBC membrane
    - Hereditary spherocytosis
    - Hereditary elliptocytosis
  - Genetic disorders of RBC metabolism
    - Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PD)
    - Pyruvate kinase deficiency
  - Immune mediated hemolytic anaemia (direct Coombs test is positive)
    - Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
      - Warm antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia
        
        Idiopathic
        
        Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
        
        Evans' syndrome (antiplatelet antibodies and haemolytic antibodies)
      - Cold antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia
        
        Idiopathic cold hemagglutinin syndrome
        
        Infectious mononucleosis
        
        Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria (rare)
    - Alloimmune hemolytic anemia
      - Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)
        
        Rh disease (Rh D)
        
        ABO hemolytic disease of the newborn
        
        Anti-Kell hemolytic disease of the newborn
        
        Rhesus c hemolytic disease of the newborn
        
        Rhesus E hemolytic disease of the newborn
        
        Other blood group incompatibility (RhC, Rhe, Kid, Duffy, MN, P and others)
    - Drug induced immune mediated hemolytic anaemia
      - Penicillin (high dose)
      - Methyldopa
  - Hemoglobinopathies (where these is an unstable or crystalline hemoglobin)
  - Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (rare acquired clonal disorder of red blood cell surface proteins)
  - Direct physical damage to RBCs
    - Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
    - Secondary to artificial heart valve(s)
- Aplastic anemia
Decreased numbers of cells
- Myelodysplastic syndrome
- Myelofibrosis
- Neutropenia (decrease in the number of neutrophils)
- Agranulocytosis
- Glanzmann's thrombasthenia
- Thrombocytopenia (decrease in the number of platelets)
  - Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)
  - Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)
  - Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)
Myeloproliferative disorders (Increased numbers of cells)
- Polycythemia vera (increase in the number of cells in general)
- Leukocytosis (increase in the number of white blood cells)
- Thrombocytosis (increase in the number of platelets)
- Myeloproliferative disorder
Hematological malignancies
- Lymphomas
  - Hodgkin's disease
  - Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma{includes the next eight entries}
  - Burkitt's lymphoma
  - Anaplastic large cell lymphoma
  - Splenic marginal zone lymphoma
  - Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma
  - Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AILT)
- Myelomas
  - Multiple myeloma
  - Waldenström macroglobulinemia
- Plasmacytoma
- Leukemias
  - Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL)
  - Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL){now included in theCLL/SCLL type NHL}
  - Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)
  - Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)
  - T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL)
  - B-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (B-PLL)
  - Chronic neutrophilic leukemia (CNL)
  - Hairy cell leukemia (HCL)
  - T-cell large granular lymphocyte leukemia (T-LGL)
  - Aggressive NK-cell leukemia
Coagulopathies (disorders of bleeding and coagulation)
- Thrombocytosis
- Recurrent thrombosis
- Disseminated intravascular coagulation
- Disorders of clotting proteins
  - Hemophilia
    - Hemophilia A
    - Hemophilia B (also known as Christmas disease)
    - Hemophilia C
  - Von Willebrand disease
  - Disseminated intravascular coagulation
  - Protein S deficiency
  - Antiphospholipid syndrome
- Disorders of platelets
Miscellaneous
Hematological changes secondary to non-hematological disorders

External links

v • d • e

Pathology: hematology · myeloid hematologic disease (primarily D50-D77 · 280-289)

RBCs/
hemoglobinopathy

Polycythemia · Macrocytosis

Anemia

Nutritional

Iron deficiency anemia (Plummer-Vinson syndrome) · Megaloblastic anemia (Pernicious anemia)

Hemolytic

Hereditary	enzyme: G6PD Deficiency · Pyruvate kinase deficiency · Triosephosphate isomerase deficiency hemoglobin: Thalassemia · Sickle-cell disease/trait membrane: Hereditary spherocytosis · Hereditary elliptocytosis · Hereditary stomatocytosis

Acquired	Autoimmune (Warm, Cold) · MAHA · Myelophthisic combinations: HUS · hemoglobinuria (PNH, PCH)

Aplastic

Acquired PRCA · Diamond-Blackfan anemia · Fanconi anemia · Sideroblastic anemia

Blood tests

MCV (Normocytic, Microcytic, Macrocytic) · MCHC (Normochromic, Hypochromic)

Other

Methemoglobinemia

Coagulation/platelets/
coagulopathy/
bleeding diathesis

Hypercoagulability	primary: Antithrombin III deficiency · Protein C deficiency/Activated protein C resistance/Protein S deficiency/Factor V Leiden · Hyperprothrombinemia acquired: DIC (Congenital afibrinogenemia, Purpura fulminans) · autoimmune (Antiphospholipid)

Other	Essential thrombocytosis

clotting factor: Hemophilia (A/VIII, B/IX, C/XI) • Von Willebrand disease • Hypoprothrombinemia/II · XIII

platelet function: Bernard-Soulier syndrome · Glanzmann's thrombasthenia · Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome · Gray platelet syndrome · May Hegglin anomaly · Pelger-Huet anomaly

Purpura: Henoch-Schönlein · TP · ITP (Evans syndrome) · TTP

Thrombocytopenia (Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia)

Monocytes/
macrophages

Histiocytosis	WHO-I (Langerhans cell histiocytosis) WHO-II/non-Langerhans-cell (Juvenile xanthogranuloma, Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis) WHO-III/malignant (Acute monocytic leukemia, Malignant histiocytosis, Erdheim-Chester disease)

Other	Chronic granulomatous disease -cytosis: Monocytosis

-penia: Monocytopenia

Granulocytes

+	-cytosis: granulocytosis (Neutrophilia, Eosinophilia, Basophilia)

·	-penia: Granulocytopenia/agranulocytosis (Neutropenia/Kostmann syndrome · Eosinopenia · Basopenia)

See also hematological malignancy and immune disorders

v • d • e Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period / fetal disease (P, 760-779)

Maternal factors and complications	Umbilical cord prolapse - Nuchal cord - Chorioamnionitis

Length of gestation and fetal growth	Small for gestational age - Large for gestational age - Premature birth - Postmature birth

Birth trauma	Cephalhematoma - Brachial plexus lesion (Erb's palsy, Klumpke paralysis)

Respiratory	Intrauterine hypoxia - Infant respiratory distress syndrome - Transient tachypnea of the newborn - Meconium aspiration syndrome - pleural disease (Pneumothorax, Pneumomediastinum) - Wilson-Mikity syndrome - Bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Cardiovascular	Pneumopericardium - Persistent fetal circulation

Haemorrhagic and haematological/ hematologic disease	Haemorrhagic disease of the newborn - Hemolytic disease of the newborn - Rh disease - Hydrops fetalis - Hyperbilirubinemia (Kernicterus, Neonatal jaundice)

Digestive system	Ileus - Necrotizing enterocolitis

Integument and temperature regulation	Erythema toxicum

Other disorders	Periventricular leukomalacia - Gray baby syndrome - muscle tone (Congenital hypertonia, Congenital hypotonia) - Perinatal infection (Congenital rubella syndrome) - Velamentous cord insertion - Omphalitis

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hematologic_disease"

Category: Hematology

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Hematologic disease

All you want to know about Hematologic disease

Classification of hematologic diseases

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