Italian Empire

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Impero Italiano Italian Empire ←   ← 1936 – 1943 ↓ Flag Coat of arms Motto "Foedere et Religione Tenemur" "We are held together by Pact and Religion" Anthem Royal Anthem Marcia Reale d'Ordinanza" "Royal March of Ordinance"¹ The Italian Empire in September 1939. Capital Rome Language(s) Italian (official), Arabic, Albanian Religion Roman Catholicism (official), Islam, Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity Government Constitutional Monarchy King of Italy, Emperor of Ethiopia, King of Albania  - 1936-1943 Victor Emmanuel III of Italy First Marshal of the Empire  - 1938-1943 Victor Emmanuel III of Italy  - 1938-1943 Benito Mussolini History  - Declaration of the Italian Empire 1936  - Disestablished 1943 Currency Italian lira Preceded by Succeeded by Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946) Ethiopian Empire Ethiopian Empire Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946) Nazi Germany Albania under Nazi Germany Independent State of Croatia Italian Social Republic

In 1936, the Italian colonial empire was officially solidfied into the geopolitical entity officially called the "Italian Empire" (Impero Italiano) and also informally known as the "New Roman Empire" that was created by the Fascist regime of Benito Mussolini after the annexation of Ethiopia in 1936.^[1] The Kingdom of Italy was the leading internal entity of the Italian Empire. The Empire was proclaimed in Rome in 1936 by Mussolini who titled Emmanuel III of Italy, Emperor of Ethiopia. The Fascist regime in propaganda actively claimed that the creation of the Italian Empire marked a new era of increased power and influence for Italy. The Italian Empire expanded in 1939 to hold Albania. King Victor Emmanuel III in 1939 held the titles of King of Italy, Emperor of Ethiopia, and King of Albania. Benito Mussolini retained official powers over the armed forces of the Empire through a military position held jointly by him and Emmanuel III titled First Marshal of the Empire. In 1941, the Italian Empire expanded to take Dalmatia, Montenegro parts of Slovenia and Greece (into Albania), as well as technically having Croatia within the Italian sphere due to an Italian member of the House of Savoy being declared King, though he never took up residence in Croatia and the government was dominated by the Croatian nationalist Ustase leader Ante Pavelic. Italian military forces did however control half of Croatia, including its entire coastline and forbid Croatia to build a navy.

The Italian Empire was not like typical colonial empires of other countries in that the Italian Fascist regime actively promoted the "Italianization" of the territories it took through promoting mass immigration and settlement of Italians in the colonies to create a large Italian civilization equivelant to the Roman Empire. In Albania, Italian settlers were encouraged to come and the use of the Italian language in Albania was taught in schools and use of the Albanian language was discouraged.

The Empire was smashed by 1943, as Allied forces pushed Italian and German forces out of Africa. After Mussolini was deposed as head of government of Italy, Emmanuel III renounced his titles as King of Albania and Emperor of Ethiopia and renounced all claims, and the Italian Empire as an entity was dismantled, and largely taken over by German occupying forces and their Axis puppet states until defeated by the Allies.

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