July 12 is the 193rd day of the year (194th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 172 days remaining until the end of the year.
Events
- 1191 - Saladin's garrison surrenders, ending the two-year siege of Acre. Conrad of Montferrat, who has negotiated the surrender, raises the banners of the Kingdom of Jerusalem and of the Third Crusade leaders Richard I of England, Philip II of France, and Leopold V of Austria on the city's walls and towers.
- 1543 - King Henry VIII of England marries his sixth and last wife, Catherine Parr at Hampton Court Palace.
- 1580 - Ostrog Bible, the first printed Bible in a Slavic language, is published.
- 1641 - A Treaty of Offensive and Defensive Alliance is signed by Portugal and the Dutch Republic. The treaty had no effect in the Portuguese colonies (Brazil and Angola) that were under Dutch rule since it wasn't respected by both parties.
- 1690 - Battle of the Boyne (Gregorian calendar) - The armies of William III defeat those of the former James II.
- 1691 - Battle of Aughrim (Julian calendar) - The decisive victory of William's forces in Ireland.
- 1790 - The Civil Constitution of the Clergy is passed in France by the National Assembly.
- 1804 - Former United States Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton dies after being shot in a duel.
- 1806 - Sixteen German imperial states leave the Holy Roman Empire and form the Confederation of the Rhine.
- 1812 - War of 1812: The United States invades Canada at Windsor, Ontario.
- 1862 - Medal of Honor authorized by the United States Congress.
- 1917 - The Bisbee Deportation occurs as vigilantes kidnap and deport nearly 1,300 striking miners and others from Bisbee, Arizona.
- 1918 - Japanese Imperial Navy battle ship Kawachi blew up at Shunan, western Honshu, Japan, killing at least 621.
- 1932 - Hedley Verity establishes a first-class record by taking all ten wickets for only ten runs against Nottinghamshire on a pitch affected by a storm.
- 1943 - World War II: Battle of Prokhorovka - German and Soviet forces engage in largest tank engagement of all time.
- 1960 - Orlyonok, the main Young Pioneer camp of the Russian SFSR, is founded.
- 1973 - A fire destroys the entire 6th floor of the National Personnel Records Center of the United States.
- 1975 - São Tomé and Príncipe declare independence from Portugal.
- 1979 - The island nation of Kiribati declares independence from Great Britain.
- 2006 - Hezbollah initiates Operation True Promise.
Births
- 100 BC - Julius Caesar, Roman military and political leader (d. 44 BC) (born either July 12 or July 13)
- 1394 - Ashikaga Yoshinori, Japanese shogun (d. 1441)
- 1596 - Tsar Michael I of Russia (d. 1645)
- 1675 - Evaristo Abaco, Italian composer (d. 1742)
- 1730 - Josiah Wedgwood, English potter (d. 1795)
- 1803 - Peter Chanel, French priest and saint (d. 1841)
- 1807 - Thomas Hawksley, English civil engineer (d. 1893)
- 1817 - Henry David Thoreau, American writer and philosopher (d. 1862)
- 1824 - Eugène Boudin, French painter (d. 1898)
- 1828 - Nikolai Chernyshevsky, Russian philosopher (d. 1889)
- 1849 - Sir William Osler, Canadian physician and author (d. 1919)
- 1850 - Otto Schoetensack, German anthropologist (d. 1912)
- 1852 - Hipólito Yrigoyen, President of Argentina (d. 1933)
- 1854 - George Eastman, American inventor (d. 1932)
- 1863 - Albert Calmette, French physician (d. 1933)
- 1863 - Paul Karl Ludwig Drude, German physicist (d. 1906)
- 1864 - George Washington Carver, American botanist (d. 1943)
- 1868 - Stefan George, German poet (d. 1933)
- 1870 - Louis II of Monaco (d. 1949)
- 1876 - Max Jacob, French poet (d. 1944)
- 1880 - Tod Browning, American film director (d. 1962)
- 1884 - Amedeo Modigliani, Italian painter and sculptor (d. 1920)
- 1886 - Jean Hersholt, Danish film director and actor (d. 1956)
- 1892 - Bruno Schulz, Polish writer and painter (d. 1942)
- 1895 - Kirsten Flagstad, Norwegian soprano (d. 1962)
- 1895 - Buckminster Fuller, American architect (d. 1983)
- 1895 - Oscar Hammerstein II, American lyricist (d. 1960)
- 1904 - Pablo Neruda, Chilean poet, Nobel laureate (d. 1973)
- 1908 - Milton Berle, American comedian (d. 2002)
- 1909 - Curly Joe DeRita, American actor and comedian (d. 1993)
- 1909 - Fritz Leonhardt, German civil engineer (d. 1999)
- 1913 - Willis Lamb, American physicist, Nobel laureate
- 1917 - Andrew Wyeth, American artist
- 1920 - Pierre Berton, Canadian journalist and writer (d. 2004)
- 1920 - Beah Richards, American actress (d. 2000)
- 1921 - Bob Fillion, French Canadian ice hockey player
- 1922 - Mark Hatfield, U.S. Senator from Oregon
- 1925 - Roger Bonham Smith, former chairman and CEO of General Motors (d. 2007)
- 1928 - Elias James Corey, American chemist, Nobel laureate
- 1930 - Gordon Pinsent, Canadian actor, director, and writer
- 1932 - Otis Davis, American runner
- 1933 - Donald E. Westlake, American author
- 1934 - Van Cliburn, American pianist
- 1937 - Bill Cosby, American comedian and actor
- 1937 - Lionel Jospin, Prime Minister of France 1997-2002
- 1937 - Michel Louvain, French Canadian singer
- 1938 - Ron Fairly, American baseball player
- 1938 - Wieger Mensonides, Dutch swimmer
- 1941 - Benny Parsons, American NASCAR driver (d. 2007)
- 1941 - Joseph Whipp, American actor
- 1942 - Billy Smith, Australian rugby league footballer
- 1943 - Christine McVie, British singer, musician, and songwriter (Fleetwood Mac)
- 1943 - Paul Silas, American basketball player and head coach
- 1943 - Walter Murch, American film editor
- 1947 - Gareth Edwards, Welsh rugby union footballer
- 1947 - Richard C. McCarty, American professor of psychology
- 1948 - Ben Burtt, American sound designer
- 1948 - Walter Egan, American singer
- 1948 - Richard Simmons, American fitness trainer
- 1948 - Jay Thomas, American actor
- 1949 - Rick Hendrick, American NASCAR team owner, and car dealer.
- 1950 - Eric Carr, American drummer (Kiss) (d. 1991)
- 1950 - Gilles Meloche, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1951 - Brian Grazer, American film producer
- 1951 - Cheryl Ladd, American actress
- 1951 - Sylvia Sass, Hungarian soprano
- 1951 - Jamey Sheridan, American actor
- 1952 - Philip Taylor Kramer, Bass Guitar Player (d. 1995)
- 1952 - Voja Antonić, Serbian inventor and writer
- 1954 - Wolfgang Dremmler, German footballer
- 1956 - Sandi Patty, American singer
- 1956 - Mario Soto, Dominican baseball player
- 1957 - Richard Douglas Husband, American astronaut (d. 2003)
- 1960 - Corynne Charby, French model, actress and singer
- 1962 - Julio César Chávez, Mexican boxer
- 1962 - Dan Murphy, American guitarist (Soul Asylum)
- 1962 - Dean Wilkins, English football manager
- 1964 - Tim Gane, English musician (Stereolab, McCarthy)
- 1964 - Gaby Roslin, English television presenter
- 1967 - Richard Herring, English comedian
- 1967 - John Petrucci, American guitar player (Dream Theater)
- 1967 - Bruny Surin, Canadian athlete
- 1968 - Catherine Plewinski, French swimmer
- 1969 - Jesse Pintado, American guitarist (Napalm Death) (d. 2006)
- 1970 - Brian Lee Byung-Hun, South Korean actor
- 1970 - Juba Kalamka, American artist/activist
- 1971 - Kristi Yamaguchi, American figure skater
- 1972 - Travis Best, American basketball player
- 1972 - Brett Reed, American musician (Rancid)
- 1972 - Jake Wood, English actor, plays Max Branning in long running soap, eastenders
- 1973 - Magoo, American rapper
- 1973 - Christian Vieri, Italian footballer
- 1974 - Sharon den Adel, Dutch singer (Within Temptation)
- 1974 - Stelios Giannakopoulos, Greek footballer
- 1974 - Gregory Helms, American professional wrestler
- 1975 - Cheyenne Jackson, American actor and singer
- 1976 - Dan Boyle, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1976 - Anna Friel, British actress
- 1976 - Tracie Spencer, American singer and songwriter
- 1977 - Neil Harris, English footballer
- 1977 - Steve Howey, American actor
- 1977 - Brock Lesnar, American professional wrestler
- 1978 - Topher Grace, American actor
- 1978 - Michelle Rodriguez, American actress
- 1978 - Claire Chitham, New Zealand actress
- 1979 - Nikos Barlos, Greek basketball player
- 1980 - Johanna Klum, German TV presenter
- 1981 - Adrienne Camp, South African singer/songwriter
- 1982 - Antonio Cassano, Italian footballer
- 1983 - Megumi Kawamura, Japanese volleyballer
- 1984 - Gareth Gates, British singer
- 1984 - Michael McGovern, Northern Irish footballer
- 1985 - Luiz Ejlli, Albanian singer
- 1985 - Natasha Poly, Russian supermodel
- 1986 - JP Pietersen, South African rugby union footballer
- 1986 - Krystal Forscutt, Australian model/reality TV contestant
- 1988 - Melissa O'Neil, Canadian singer
- 1991 - Erik Per Sullivan, American actor
Deaths
- 783 - Bertrada of Laon, wife of Pippin III (b. 720)
- 1441 - Ashikaga Yoshinori, Japanese shogun (b. 1394)
- 1536 - Erasmus, Dutch writer and philosopher
- 1584 - Steven Borough, English explorer (b. 1525)
- 1664 - Stefano della Bella, Italian printmaker (b. 1610)
- 1682 - Jean Picard, French astronomer (b. 1620)
- 1693 - John Ashby, English admiral
- 1712 - Richard Cromwell, Lord Protector of England, Scotland, and Ireland (b. 1626)
- 1742 - Evaristo Abaco, Italian composer (b. 1675)
- 1749 - Charles de la Boische, Marquis de Beauharnois, Governor of New France
- 1773 - Johann Joachim Quantz, German flutist and composer (b. 1697)
- 1804 - Alexander Hamilton, 1st United States Secretary of the Treasury (b. 1755)
- 1845 - Henrik Wergeland, Norwegian author (b. 1808)
- 1849 - Dolley Madison, 4th First Lady Of The United States (b. 1768)
- 1910 - Charles Stewart Rolls, British engineer and aviator (b. 1887)
- 1918 - Dragutin Lerman, Croatian explorer (b. 1864)
- 1926 - Gertrude Bell, English archaeologist, writer, spy, and administrator (b. 1868)
- 1931 - Nathan Söderblom, Swedish archbishop, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1866)
- 1934 - Ole Evinrude, Norwegian-American inventor and industrialist (b. 1877)
- 1935 - Alfred Dreyfus, French military officer (b. 1859)
- 1944 - Theodore Roosevelt, Jr., American general, received Medal of Honor (b. 1887)
- 1945 - Wolfram von Richthofen, German field marshal (b. 1895)
- 1945 - Boris Galerkin, Russian mathematician (b. 1871)
- 1947 - Jimmie Lunceford, American saxophonist and bandleader (b. 1902)
- 1949 - Douglas Hyde, first President of Ireland (b. 1860)
- 1950 - Elsie de Wolfe, American socialite and interior decorator (b. 1865)
- 1961 - Mazo de la Roche, Canadian author (b. 1879)
- 1962 - Roger Wolfe Kahn, American band leader (b. 1907)
- 1971 - Yvon Robert, French Canadian professional wrestler (b. 1914)
- 1973 - Lon Chaney, Jr., American actor (b. 1906)
- 1979 - Minnie Riperton, American soul singer (b. 1947)
- 1983 - Chris Wood, British musician, played with Traffic, (b. 1944)
- 1990 - João Saldanha, Brazilian journalist and football manager (b. 1917)
- 1993 - Dan Eldon, British photojournalist (b. 1970)
- 1993 - Davey Allison, American NASCAR driver (b. 1961)
- 1996 - John Chancellor, American television journalist (b. 1927)
- 1996 - Jonathan Melvoin, American musician and keyboardist (The Smashing Pumpkins) (b. 1961)
- 1998 - Serge Lemoyne, French Canadian artist (b. 1941)
- 1998 - Jimmy Driftwood, American folk songwriter and musician (b. 1907)
- 1999 - Bill Owen, British actor (b. 1914)
- 2000 - Charles Merritt, Canadian Army officer and recipient of the Victoria Cross during World War II (b. 1908)
- 2003 - Benny Carter, American musician (b. 1907)
- 2004 - Betty Oliphant, co-founder of National Ballet of Canada (b. 1918)
- 2005 - Lord John King, Baron King of Wartnaby, Chief executive of British Airways since its privitisation (b. 1917)
- 2007 - Stan Zemanek, Australian radio personality (b.1947)
- 2007 - Mr. Butch, Iconic Boston street figure (b. 1951)
- 2007 - Robert Burås, Norwegian guitar player (b. 1975)
Holidays and observances
External links
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