List of countries whose capital is not their largest city

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Countries whose capital is not their largest city

Lists of capitals
• in alphabetic order
• by country
• by continent
• Former national capitals • Timeline of country and capital changes
• Purpose-built capitals
• Capitals and largest cities by country • Countries whose capital is not their largest city
• Capitals outside the territories they serve
v • d • e

This is an incomplete list of countries whose capital is not their largest city. Many of the population figures include the metropolitan area, while others do not.

Country	Capital	Capital population	Largest city	Largest city population	Ratio	Note
Australia	Canberra	322,000	Sydney	4,198,543	13.0
Belize	Belmopan	7,000	Belize City	49,040	7	unofficial population of Belize City is even larger; was capital till 1970
Benin	Porto-Novo	223,500	Cotonou	761,100	3.4	Cotonou is the de facto capital with seat of government
Bolivia	La Paz	1 million	Santa Cruz	1.5 million	1.5	Sucre is the constitutional capital, La Paz the seat of government. La Paz is the center of the largest metropolitan area in the country, but the city of Santa Cruz is larger than the city of La Paz.
Bolivia	Sucre	247,300	Santa Cruz	1.5 million	6
Brazil	Brasília	2.38 million	São Paulo	11 million	4.545
Burma	Naypyidaw	900,000	Yangon	4,082,000	4.5	Yangon was the capital until 2006
Cameroon	Yaoundé	1,430,000	Douala	2 million +	1.399
Canada	Ottawa	812,129 (1,300,000)	Toronto	2,503,281(5,113,149)	3.082 (3.933)
China	Beijing	14,930,000	Shanghai	18,670,000	1.25
Côte d'Ivoire	Yamoussoukro	200,659	Abidjan	4 million +	20	Abidjan is still the de facto capital
Ecuador	Quito	1,399,378	Guayaquil	2,985,379	1.419
India	New Delhi (Delhi)	321,900 (17,037,900)	Mumbai (Mumbai Conurbation)	13,200,000 (20,000,000)	40.1 (1.174)	city (metropolitan area)
Kazakhstan	Astana	577,300	Almaty	1,226,000 +	2.12	Almaty was capital of Kazakhstan until 10 December 1997
Liechtenstein	Vaduz	5,000	Schaan	5,513	1.10
Malawi	Lilongwe	440,500	Blantyre	646,235	1.47
Malta	Valletta	7,199	Birkirkara	21,000	3.5
Micronesia	Palikir	9,900	Weno	13,900	1.404
Monaco	Monaco-Ville	1,150	Monte-Carlo	15,300	13.3	Officially, Monaco is a single municipality. Monaco-Ville and Monte-Carlo are quartiers or wards thereof.
Morocco	Rabat	1.2 million	Casablanca	2.95 million	2.46
New Zealand	Wellington	367,600	Auckland	1,223,200	3.3	Auckland was the capital between 1841 and 1865, and Russell from 1840-41.
Nigeria	Abuja	1,078,700	Lagos	7.9 million	7.8	Lagos was capital of Nigeria until 1991
Pakistan	Islamabad	610,000	Karachi	9 million	15	Karachi was capital of Pakistan from 1947 to 1958.
Philippines	Manila	1,581,082	Quezon City/Davao City	2,173,831	1.375	Quezon City, a former capital, and Manila de facto both are part of Metro Manila (pop. 12,295 mln). Davao City is the largest city in the Philippines in terms of land area.
San Marino	San Marino	4,352	Serravalle	8,700	2
Scotland	Edinburgh	448,624	Glasgow	1,750,500
South Africa	Pretoria	2,345,908	Johannesburg	3,888,180	1.66	Cape Town (pop. 3.5 mil) and Bloemfontein (pop. 645,000) serve as legislative and judicial capitals, respectively
Sudan	Khartoum	950,000	Omdurman	1.3 million	1.368	de facto both are part of Great Khartoum (pop. 5.5 mln)
Sri Lanka	Sri Jayawardenapura-Kotte	115,826	Colombo	642,163		Colombo was the capital of Sri Lanka until 1982
Swaziland	Mbabane	67,200	Manzini	73,000	1.09	Manzini was the capital of Kingdom until 1902
Switzerland	Bern	127,000	Zürich	366,145	2.9
Trinidad and Tobago	Port of Spain	49,000	Chaguanas	67,400	1.37
Turkey	Ankara	5,153,000	Istanbul	11,372,613	2.21	Istanbul was capital of the Ottoman Empire until 1922
United Arab Emirates	Abu Dhabi	1,000,000	Dubai	1,141,959	1.14
United States	Washington, D.C.	553,523 (8,125,656)	New York City	8,768,338 (21,903,623)	14.7	New York was the United States' first capital city under the Constitution, although it was not at that time the country's largest city.
Vietnam	Hanoi	4,100,000	Ho Chi Minh City	5,387,100	1.3	Ho Chi Minh City, formerly Saigon, was the capital of South Vietnam prior to its annexation.